Prague 10 is a municipal district of the Capital City of Prague located in its southeastern part. According to its own website, it covers an area of approximately 1,900 hectares, containing about 7,000 houses and 55,000 flats, and is home to approximately 110,000 residents.[1]
Cadastral territories
The names of the former historical municipalities of Vršovice, Strašnice, Malešice, Záběhlice, Vinohrady and Michle each form a separate cadastral territory of Prague 10. These came into being after the merger in 1960 and after Prague 15 was separated off in 1994. Some cadastral territories belong entirely to the municipal district, such as Vršovice and Malešice, others only partly, and others only by a marginal, almost uninhabited part, such as Žižkov, Hloubětín and Hrdlořezy. According to its own website, the municipal district as a whole is very young, even though some of the municipalities listed have a history of almost a thousand years.[1]
Neighborhoods
Vršovice was originally a small village founded in the eleventh century by the Vyšehrad chapter. It became a market town in 1885 and a town in 1902. Today it has 35,000 residents.[1]
The earliest written record of Strašnice dates from the twelfth century. The village retained its rural character for a long time, and building development there did not begin until the early twentieth century. Among its notable buildings is the Trmal Villa of 1902, a work by the architect Jan Kotěra. Strašnice has 37,000 residents.[1]
According to a record from 1309, Malešice belonged to the Vyšehrad and St. Vitus chapters. Surviving older structures include a late Baroque chapel on Na Univerzitním statku street and a small chateau from 1689. It is home to 12,000 people.[1]
The part of Královské Vinohrady that belongs to Prague 10 consists mainly of villa development. A considerable portion of the land is taken up by Vinohrady Hospital and Vinohrady Cemetery, and it has 7,000 residents.[1]
The most significant building in old Záběhlice is the Church of the Virgin Mary, originally a Romanesque structure from the twelfth century. Práče Chateau is a complex of buildings whose core dates from the second half of the eighteenth century. In the 1960s, the large Zahradní Město housing estate was built, mostly within the Záběhlice cadastral territory.[1]
According to the municipal district, Michle contains every basic type of urban development, from Art Nouveau apartment buildings from the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and working-class housing, through functionalist buildings of the first half of the twentieth century and socialist-era housing estates such as Michelská, to industrial and commercial zones and modern commercial districts.[1]
Legal status
The framework for the reform of local administration after 1990 was constitutional act No. 294/1990 Sb., which abolished the system of national committees and restored municipal self-government. The reform was carried out mainly through act No. 367/1990 Sb., on municipalities, act No. 90/1993 Sb., on the Capital City of Prague, act No. 425/1990 Sb., on district authorities, and act No. 368/1990 Sb., on elections to municipal councils.[2]
The Capital City of Prague came into being as a municipality with effect from 24 November 1990, and since 1 January 2000 it has also been a region. Its territory is divided into municipal districts, which were created by act No. 418/1990 Sb. in the places of the former national committees or were established on its basis. Relations between the city and the municipal districts are governed by the Act on the Capital City of Prague and the Statute of the Capital City of Prague.[2]
The municipal district acts in legal relations under its own name. It acts as a legal entity through its Assembly, Council, mayor, Office and special bodies. The Assembly may establish committees, and the Council commissions. The municipal district is represented externally by the mayor. Its superior authority is Prague City Hall.[2]